A.P.J .ABDUL KALAM (Biography and Contributions)

A.P.J .ABDUL KALAM  (Biography and Contributions

Bharat Ratna Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15th October 1931 in a Tamilnadu Muslim family To  Jainulabdeen, a boat owner at Rameswaram located in Tamilnadu. He came from poor family background and started working at an early age to supplement his family's income .

        After completing school, he used to distribute newspapers to financially support his family. His school records show average grades but was considered as a bright and hardworking student .He has a strong desire to learn and his most liked area of interest was mathematics .

          He graduated Physics in 1954 from Saint Joseph College ,Madras . He studied aerospace engineering.

        His dream was to become a fighter pilot but failed to get it as he Bagged 9th position when only 8 slots were available for IAF.

 Kalam's career and contribution:

      ✔After graduating from Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined Aeronautical Development establishment of Defence research and development organisation (DRDO)as a scientist.

      ✔He started his career by designing a small helicopter for the Indian Army.

      ✔  Kalam was a part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai ,Space scientist.

    ✔ During 1970-1990 Kalam made efforts to develop Polar SLV & SLV-3projects which proved to be sucess.

    ✔  In 1970,ISRO launched Rohini-1 into space using SLV rocket.

    ✔  In 1992,he took charge as a scientific adviser to the defence minister.Government of India ;deviced the Arjun tank.

    ✔  In 1998,along with cardiologist Dr.SomaRaju ,Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent and it was named as "Kalam-Raju-Stent".

     ✔ In 2012 ,the duo designed a rugged tablet PC for health care in rural areas ,which was named as "Kalam- Raju -Tablet".

      Kalam served as the 11th President of India suceeding K.R.Narayan.He won the 2002 presidential election.He served from 25th July 2002 to 25 July 2007.



AWARDS & HONOURS:

    A.P.J .Abdul Kalam 's 79th birthday was recognised as World student's day by United Nations.He received honorary doctrates from 40 universities.The government of India has honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and Padma Vibhushan in1990 for his work with ISRO & DRDO and his role as Scientific adviser to the government.In1997,Kalam received India's highest civilian honour,the Bharat Ratna for his immense and valiable contribution to the Scientific research and modernization of defence technology in India.

Kalam's Writings:

Some of the books written by Abdul kalam includes

"Developments in Fluid Mechanics & Space Technology"

India2020: A vision fot the New Millenium.

Ignited Minds: Unleashing the power within India.

Inspiring thoughts

Wings of fire


       

BANANAS (Benefits & Nutritional facts)

BANANAS  (Benefits & Nutritional facts)

Banana fruits are among the foremost necessary food crops within the world.

Fast growing MUSA Balbisiana wild banana tree

              They come from a category of plants known as genus Musa, that ar native to geographical area, and are big in severalof the hotter areas of the globe.

Bananas are a healthy supply of fiber, potassium, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and varied antioxidants and phytonutrients.

There are many various sorts, and that they are available in many various sizes. Color typically varies from inexperienced to yellow.

Bananas are a fashionable supply of carbohydrates, chiefly starch in unripe bananas and sugars in ripe bananas.

The saccharide composition of bananas changes drastically throughout ripening.

The main element of unripe bananas is starch. inexperienced bananas contain up to 70-80% starch, on a dry weight basis.

               During ripening, the starch is regenerate into sugars and lands up being but one hundred and twenty fifth once the banana is absolutely ripe .

            The most common varieties of sugar found in ripe bananas ar disaccharide, levulose and aldohexose. In ripe bananas, the whole content of sugars will reach over 16 PF of the recentweight .

Fibers

                A high proportion of starch in unripe bananas is resistant starch, which, because the name suggests, is immune to digestion and is thus a kind of fiber.

                 Resistant starch passes right down to the    massive bowel wherever it's souredby microorganism
 in an exceedingly method that forms butyrate, a short-chain carboxylic acid that seems to ownhelpful effects on internal organ health .

           Bananas are adecent supply of different varieties of fiber, like cellulose. a number of the cellulose in bananas is soluble.

                When bananas ripen, the proportion of soluble cellulose will increase, that is one in every of the most reasons why bananas flip softer as they age .

Both cellulose and resistant starch moderate the increase in glucose once a meal.

Vitamins and Minerals

Bananas ar a major supply of many vitamins and minerals, particularlymetal, vitamin B6, and vitamin C.

Potassium: 

          Bananas are a decent supplyof metal. A diet high in metal will lower pressure level in folks with high pressure level and has positive effects on vessel health .

Vitamin B6: 

                 Bananas ar high in vitamin B6. One medium-size banana will give up to thirty third of the suggested daily intake of vitamin B6.

Vitamin C: 

                  Like most fruit, bananas are a decent supply of vitamin C.

Health edges of Bananas

Like most natural foods, bananas could have variety of health edges.

Heart Health

Heart disease is that the world's most typical reason behind premature death.

Bananas ar high in metal, a mineral that promotes heart health and traditional pressure level. One medium-sized banana contains around zero.4 grams of this wholesome mineral.

         In addition, bananas contain inhibitor flavonoids that have conjointly been related to a major decrease within the risk of heart condition .

Digestive Health

                    Unripe, inexperienced bananas contain extensive amounts of resistant starch and cellulose, that ar varieties of dietary fiber.

                 They pass right down to the colon wherever they're soured by helpful microorganism that kind butyrate , a short-chain carboxylic acid that promotes gut health .

Adverse Effects and Individual considerations

There ar mixed opinions on whether or not bananas ar sensible for diabetics or not.

It is true that bananas ar high in starch and sugar, and so one would possiblyexpect them to cause an outsized rise in glucose.

But because of their low glycemic index, moderate consumption of bananas shouldn't raise glucose levels nearly the maximum amount as different high-carb foods.

However, diabetics ought to avoid consumption massive amounts of well-ripened bananas. once consumptionfoods wealthy in sugar and carbs, diabetics must always check that to observe their glucose levels fastidiously.

On a special note, folks generally appearto contemplate banana consumption as a risk issue for constipation , whereasdifferent studies indicate that bananas may very well have Associate in Nursingopposite impact, a minimum of in some folks .

In conclusion, banana consumption doesn't appear to own any serious adverse effects, a minimum of not onceconsumed sparsely.